Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases

Table 1. Common inhibitors of colchicine metabolism.

Strong CyP 3A4 inhibitors	Moderate CyP 3A4 inhibitors	P-gp inhibitors
Antimicrobials
Clarithromycin	Ciprofloxacin	Ritonavir
Ketoconazole	Fluconazole	Clarithromycin
Voriconazole	Erythromycin	Azithromycin
Itraconazole	Itraconazole	Erythromycin
Ritonavir	-	Ketoconazole
Cobicistat	-	Quinidine
Cardiac medications
Diltiazem	Verapamil	Amiodarone
-	Amiodarone	Carvedilol
-	-	Verapamil
-	-	Diltiazem
-	-	Atorvastatin
Miscellaneous
Grapefruit	Fluoxetine	Tacrolimus
-	Imatinib	Grapefruit
-	Cimetidine	Cannabidiol
-	Paroxetine	Cyclosporine
-	Avacopan	-
-	Cyclosporine	-

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CyP: cytochrome p450; P-gp: P-glycoprotein; -: no data.

Declarations

Author contributions

BP: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Visualization. MT: Writing—review & editing. RTK: Writing—review & editing. MHP: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

Robert T. Keenan, who serves as Editorial Board Member of Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases, had no involvement in the decision-making or review process of this manuscript. The authors declare that they have no other conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript. For completeness, they note the following financial disclosures: BP has nothing to declare. MT has consulting fees from Amgen Inc. and Scilex Pharmaceuticals. RTK is an employee of Arthrosi Therapeutics, Inc. MHP is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (1UL1 TR001445) and the VA (I01 CX002358), and has served as a consultant for Amgen, Federation Bio., Fortress Bioscience, Convergence Bio., and Scilex.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

Publisher’s note

Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.

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