Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy

Table 2. Absolute oncologic safety and therapeutic yield of SLNB, oncologic outcomes (consistent across trials).

Outcome	Result
DFS (omission vs. SLNB)	Non-inferior
Absolute DFS difference	< 1%
Axillary recurrence (omission)	< 2%*
Absolute increase vs. SLNB	< 1%
Distant recurrence	No difference
Overall survival	No difference
Therapeutic yield
Study	SOUND	INSEMA/BOOG
Estimated % patients with ≥ 1 adjuvant treatment change**	2–6%	3–9%
Dominant driver	CDK4/6 eligibility	CDK4/6 eligibility

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SLNB: sentinel lymph node biopsy; DFS: disease-free survival; SOUND: Sentinel node vs. Observation after axillary UltraSouND; INSEMA: INtergroup SEntinel MAmma trial; BOOG: Dutch Breast Cancer Research Group (BOrstkanker Onderzoek Groep); CDK4/6: cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6. *: Axillary recurrence rates varied across trials: approximately 0.4–0.6% in SOUND and 1–1.5% in INSEMA; full peer-reviewed data for BOOG 2013-08 are not yet available; **: based on Wanis et al. [35]; dependent on CDK4/6 uptake and radiotherapy practice.

Declarations

Acknowledgments

During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) to assist in the design and visual layout of Figure 1. The scientific concept, content, clinical recommendations, and final figure were conceived, reviewed, and edited by the authors, who take full responsibility for the final content of the publication.

Author contributions

WT, SC: Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. Both authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

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Consent to publication

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Availability of data and materials

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