Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy

Table 1. Summary of current and emerging molecular biomarkers associated with targeted therapies

Biomarker	Agents	Status
*KRAS/NRAS*	Cetuximab, Panitumumab (negative predictive biomarker)	Approved EMA and FDA
*BRAF*
*V600E*	Encorafenib + Binimetinib + Cetuximab [57]	Approved FDA
*nonV600E*	MEK ± BRAF ± EGFR inhibitors	Experimental
MSI	Pembrolizumab [66, 67]; Nivolumab [68]	Approved FDA
HER2	Trastuzumab + Pertuzumab [84]; Lapatinib + Trastuzumab [85]	Experimental
*NTRK*	Larotrectinib, Entrectinib	Approved EMA (Larotrectinib) and FDA (Larotrectinib, Entrectinib)
*NF1*	MEK ± BRAF ± EGFR inhibitors	Experimental

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Declarations

Author contributions

AMR and NN contributed conception and design of the review; AMR wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

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