From:  Mitochondrial checkpoint for interferon responses in macrophages

 Comparison between toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and new data summarized herein.

FeatureClassic TLR signalingCytosolic nucleic acid sensing (Dunphy et al. [3])
MetabolismGlycolytic switch (Warburg effect)Intact OXPHOS (mitochondrial respiration)
ATP productionLowHigh
MitochondriaSuppressed/DysfunctionalActive, but with low membrane potential (MMP)
Key regulatorHIF-1α/LactateISG15/ISGylation
MorphologyVariableOMA1-mediated fission
OutcomePro-inflammatory persistenceEfferocytosis & resolution