From:  Precision oncology in the treatment of patients with bone sarcomas: an up-to-date narrative review

 Current standard treatment strategies and major limitations across primary bone sarcoma subtypes.

SubtypeSurgeryChemotherapy regimenRadiotherapyMajor limitations
OsteosarcomaWide resection, limb-sparingMAP (HD-MTX, doxorubicin, cisplatin) ± ifosfamideLimited rolePlateau in survival, chemoresistance
Ewing sarcomaSurgery ± RTVDC/IEFrequently usedPoor metastatic outcomes
ChondrosarcomaPrimary treatmentLimited efficacyLimited roleChemoresistance

MAP: methotrexate–doxorubicin–cisplatin; HD-MTX: high-dose methotrexate; VDC/IE: vincristine–doxorubicin–cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide–etoposide; RT: radiotherapy.