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Table 2

From: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in lung cancer: a case series

Table 2. Laboratory results of a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and HLH.

Laboratory test	Day of admission	Before receiving pembrolizumab	Reference range
ESR	Not available	Not available	0–20 mm/h
CRP	192 mg/L	Not available	0–10 mg/L
WBC count	3,070 Th/uL	5200 Th/uL	4,000–11,000 Th/uL
Hemoglobin	7.5 g/dL	10.5 g/dL	12–15 g/dL
Platelets	15,000 Th/uL	210 Th/uL	140,000–400,000 Th/uL
Aspartate aminotransferase	46 U/L	34 U/L	0–34 U/L
Alanine aminotransferase	64 U/L	28 U/L	0–34 U/L
Alkaline phosphatase	136 U/L	122 U/L	44–150 U/L
Total bilirubin	0.2 mg/dL	0.3 mg/dL	0.2–1.1 mg/dL

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CRP: C-reactive peptide; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HLH: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; Th: thousand; WBC: white blood cell.

Declarations

Author contributions

AWK: Data curation, Investigation, Supervision, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. SC: Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. HM: Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. JS: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—review & editing. BP: Data curation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. DB: Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This case series report was deemed exempt from Institutional Review Board (IRB) review by the Saint Luke’s Health System (SLHS) IRB under federal regulations (45CFR46.102(d) and 45CFR164.501) as it involves data from three or fewer patients and is not considered a systematic investigation designed to contribute to generalizable knowledge.

Nonetheless, the authors affirm that all procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from the patient for writing this manuscript as well as accompanying images.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The patient’s data is available through Saint Luke’s Hospital electronic medical records. More information can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

Publisher’s note

Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.

References

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Kidney Cancer [Internet]. National Comprehensive Cancer Network; c2025 [cited 2025 Sep 2]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/kidney.pdf

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