Optical biosensors developed for the detection of CTC

Sensor typeLigandCell/mediaLODMain strengths Ref.
Plasmonic TFBGAnti-GPR30 antibodiesBT5495 cells/mL
  • Simple structure

  • Easy to manufacture

  • Small size

[25]
Optical liquid crystalsEpCAM aptamersMDA-MB-231 cells5 cells/mL
  • Detection in human serum and whole blood

[68]
Smartphone-assisted biosensor using 3D polyurethane-GOMUC1 aptamerMCF-7 and HT29 cells221 cells/mL
  • Portable and user-friendly

  • Cost-effective

  • Rapid detection

[69]

CTC: circulating tumor cell; LOD: limit of detection; EpCAM: epithelial cell adhesion molecule