Table Info

Table 1.

Summary of main genetic alterations identified in musculoskeletal sarcomas described in this review

Sarcoma subtype	Main genetic hallmarks	Genes/location	References
OS	Mutation	TP53 and RB1	[7, 8]
ES	Translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12)	EWSR1::FLI1	[9, 10]
CS	Mutation	IDH1 and IDH2	[11, 12]
WDLPS; DDLPS	Amplification	MDM2 and CDK4	[13, 14]
MLPS	Translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11)	FUS::DDIT3	[13, 14]
SS	Translocation t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2)	SS18::SSX	[15]
Alveolar RMS	Translocations: t(2;13)(q35;q14); t(1;13)(p36;q14)	PAX3::FOXO1; PAX7::FOXO1	[16, 17]
Embryonal RMS	LOH	11p15 locus	[16, 17]

OS: osteosarcoma; ES: Ewing sarcoma; CS: chondrosarcoma; IDH1: isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 gene; WDLPS: well-differentiated liposarcoma; DDLPS: dedifferentiated liposarcoma; MLPS: myxoid liposarcoma; SS: synovial sarcoma; RMS: rhabdomyosarcoma; LOH: loss of heterozygosity

Declarations

Author contributions

MCJ: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. WM: Writing—review & editing. Both authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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