Overview of other studies included in the systematic review
| Author, year | Study type | Primary | Patient | SRT | Systemic therapy | Non-target response | Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welsh et al. [74], 2019 | Prospective monocentric | Various, mainly NSCLC | 28/106 (26%) | 50 Gy/4 fx or 60 Gy/10 fx to liver or lung mtxs | Ipilimumab | 26% rates of clinical benefit of non-irradiated tumor volume | Response outside the RT field |
| Menon et al. [75], 2019 | Prospective monocentric | Various | 16/26 (62%) | Various | IT | PR/CR in 58% of low-dose lesions versus 18% of no-dose ones (P = 0.0001) | Response outside RT field |
| Tubin et al. [76], 2019 | Retrospective monocentric | Various | 22/60 (37%) | Various | None | 43% AE, 20% BE | Response outside RT field |
| Woody et al. [77], 2022 | Retrospective monocentric | Various, mainly NSCLC | 0/125 (0%) | 60 Gy/8 fx to primary | None | None | NR |
| Damen et al. [78], 2022 | Retrospective monocentric | Various | 2/11 (18%) | NR | IT | NR | Temporal |
| Zagardo et al. [79], 2024 | Retrospective monocentric | Various | 0/28 (0%) | 30 Gy (18–50)/5 fx (1–5) | IT | None | Response outside RT field |
| Chang et al. [80], 2024 | Prospective monocentric | Various | 10/26 (39%) | Ipilimumab/Nivolumab | 38.5% (50% in the nivolumab group) | Response outside RT field with SRT-IT > IT without SRT | |
| Zafra et al. [81], 2024 | Prospective multicentric | Various, mainly lung | 5/14 (36%) | 24–35 Gy/3–5 fx to mainly lung mtxs | IT | 36% in cohort A (IT + SBRT) | Response outside RT field |
| Mizumatsu and Nomura [82], 2023 | Case report | DLBCL | 75*, M | 21 Gy/3 fx to frontal bone | None | CR on orbital and temporal bone | Negligible dose, no concomitant systemic treatment |
| Feng et al. [83], 2022 | Case report | Giant cell tumor of bone | 37*, F | 44 Gy/4 fx to 3 lung mtx | None | PR with 22.2% reduction of a 4th lung mtx | No concomitant systemic treatment |
| Callaghan et al. [84], 2020 | Case series | Sarcoma | NR | 24 Gy/3 fx on tumor bed recurrence | Neoadjuvant (2 cycles), concomitant, adjuvant pembrolizumab (tot 26) | PR on a bladder metastatic lesion 8 months after, with no PD after 20 months | Temporal |
* Age at time of SRT. DLBCL: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NR: not reported; mtxs: metastases; mtx: metastasis; fx: fraction(s); IT: immunotherapy; PR: partial response; CR: complete response; AE: abscopal effect; BE: bystander effect; SBRT: stereotactic body radiotherapy; PD: progression disease; RT: radiation treatment; SRT: stereotactic radiation techniques; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; F: female; M: male; tot: total
AB: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. M Caroprese: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. CF: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. EC: Investigation, Writing—original draft. CAG: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. CO: Investigation, Writing—original draft. SC: Investigation, Writing—original draft. AF: Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. M Conson: Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. RP: Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Datasets are available on request.
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