Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy

Table 1. Overview of studies investigating the efficacy of using MEK inhibitors combined with hydroxychloroquine in pre-treated patients

Tumor type	Study design	Number	MEK inhibitor	Endpoints	Reference
Biliary tract cancer	Phase II trial	2	Trametinib	PFS: 2.48 months; OS: 3.1 months.	[32]
Colorectal cancer	Case report	1	Binimetinib (+ bevacizumab)	Best response: stable disease; Duration: approximately 4 months.	[28]
Pancreatic cancer	Case report	1	Trametinib	Best response: partial response; Duration: approximately 4 months.	[26]
Pancreatic cancer	Case report	2	Trametinib	Best response: stable disease; Duration: approximately 4 months and 7 months.	[33]
Pancreatic cancer	Case report	1	Trametinib	Best response: stable disease; Duration: approximately 7 months.	[34]
Pancreatic cancer	Case report	1	Trametinib	Best response: progressive disease; Duration: approximately 2 months.	[35]
Pancreatic cancer	Retrospective	9	Trametinib	DCR: 63%; PFS: 5.7 months; OS: 6.6 months.	[20]
Pancreatic cancer	Retrospective	1	Cobimetinib	DCR: 63%; PFS: 5.7 months; OS: 6.6 months.	[20]
Pancreatic cancer	Retrospective	8	Trametinib	Best response: stable disease (16.7%); PFS: 2.0 months; OS: 4.2 months.	[16]
NSCLC	Phase II trial	9	Binimetinib	Best response: stable disease (11.1%); PFS: 1.9 months; OS: 5.3 months.	[18]

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NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; DCR: disease control rate; PFS: progression-free survival; OS: overall survival

Declarations

Acknowledgments

We are cordially thankful to Dr. Priscilla S. Amankwah for the critical reading and editing of this manuscript.

Author contributions

AAM: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Data curation, Visualization, Formal analysis. EMA and AIT: Data curation, Investigation. NVM and ANE: Resources, Formal analysis. ADS and ARV: Visualization. ENI and SVO: Writing—review & editing, Project administration, Supervision. AAM and SVO confirm the authenticity of all the raw data. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was approved (approval no. 02/231) by the Ethics Committee of N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology (Saint Petersburg, Russia), and was conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from relevant participants.

Consent to publication

Informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.

Availability of data and materials

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.

Funding

This work has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation [22-15-00487]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

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