Table Info

Table 3.

Summary of evidence for most promising methylation biomarkers for diagnosis of CRC in stool (sensitivity > 75%)

Biomarker gene(s)	Test	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Reference
APC, ATM, hMLH1, HLTF, MGMT, SFRP2	CRC	75	90	[84]
COL4A2, TLX2	CRC	91	98	[80]
FBN1, SNCA	CRC	84	93	[85]
GATA5	CRC	84	83	[86]
GDNF, SNAP91, NDRG4	CRC	86	96	[28]
HPP1	CRC	100	71	[87]
HPP1, MGMT, SFRP2	Adenoma	94	77	[87]
ITGA4, SFMBT2, THBD, ZNF304	CRC	96	87	[88]
KCNJ12, VAV3-AS1, EVC	CRC	83	71	[88]
NDRG4	CRC	76–98	89	[82, 83, 86]
NDRG4, BMP3	CRC	98	90	[89]
NDRG4, BMP3, mutation KRAS, hemoglobin	CRC	92–98	87–90	[89, 90]
NDRG4, BMP3, mutation KRAS, hemoglobin	Adenoma	82	93	[54]
NEUROD1, FAM72C	CRC	83	77	[88]
MLH1, VIM, MGMT	CRC	75	86.5	[91]
RARB2, p16^INK4a, MGMT, APC	CRC	75	/	[24]
SDC2	CRC	90	89	[51]
SFRP2	Adenoma	76–87	55–100	[9, 52]
SFRP2, TFPI2, NDRG4, BMP3	CRC	94	55	[52]
SEPT9	Adenoma	83	92	[92]
VIM, NDRG4, BMP3, TFPI2	CRC	89	90	[76]
SFRP1	CRC	89	86	[93]
VIM	CRC	38–81	82–95	[94]
VIM	Adenoma	33–83	93–100	[95]
SFRP2, GATA4/5, NDRG4, VIM	CRC	96	65	[96]
TFPI2	Adenoma	81	94	[97]
TFPI2	CRC	76–93	89–100	[97, 98]

ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; hMLH1: homo sapiens DNA mismatch repair; HLTF: helicase like transcription factor; GATA5: GATA binding protein 5; HPP1: hyperpigmentation progressive 1; SFMBT2: Scm like with four mbt domains 2; THBD: thrombomodulin; VAV3-AS1: VAV3 antisense RNA 1; EVC: EvC ciliary complex subunit 1; NEUROD1: neuronal differentiation 1; FAM72C: family with sequence similarity 72 member C; MLH1: MutL homolog 1

Declarations

Author contributions

JY: Data curation, Writing—original draft. JZ and WD: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. All authors revised the manuscript and approved the final version of it.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81974313]; Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China [2019M651930]; the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Commission of Health [M2020065]; the Science and Technology Program of Nantong [JC22022040]; Nantong Commission of Health Research Fund Project [MA2021004]; Jiangsu Provincial Research Hospital [YJXYY202204]; and Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline [ZDXK202240]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

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