Table Info

Table 1.

The anticancer mechanism of emodin against various cancers

Emodin	Disease	Mechanism of action
	Cervical cancer	Inhibits mitotic activity Induces changes in the cytoskeleton, which induces mitotic death of cervical cancer cells
	Breast cancer	Inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)
	Ovarian cancer	Inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ovarian cancer stem cells (CSC) formation
	Prostate cancer	Inhibition of multidrug resistance (MDR) and hypoxia-inducing factors
	Lung cancer	Inhibit the progression of lung cancer Affect the immune environment of the lung to treat lung cancer
	Bladder cancer	Emodin increased the cellular ROS level Enhanced the cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity of T24 and J82 human bladder cancer cells Decreasing glutathione-cisplatin (GSH-cisplatin) conjugates Blocked the chemoresistance of T24 and J82 cells to cisplatin by suppressing the expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1)

Declarations

Author contributions

PSL: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. VSA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Supervision. JPA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. KPG: Writing—review & editing. CSC: Writing—review & editing. LPJ: Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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