Table Info

Table 1.

TP’s and HD’s characteristics, cohort 1

ID	Age (years)	Sex	Side diagnoses	Notes	Tumor localisation	TNM	HPV status
TP_1	58	Male	None	40 py, 1 beer/day	Tongue	pT2pN0 cM0	Negative
TP_2	18	Male	None	None	Tongue	pT2pN0 cM0	Negative
TP_3	61	Male	None	40 py, 2 beers/day	Glossotonsillar	pT2pN0 cM0	Negative
TP_4	75	Male	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	None	Tongue	pT1pN0 cM0	Negative
TP_5	67	Male	Loss of sensorineural hearing	2 Beers/day	Tongue	pT3pN0 cM0	Negative
HD_1	59	Male	None	42 py	-	-	-
HD_2	22	Male	None	N.d.	-	-	-
HD_3	63	Male	Prostate adenoma, rectal adenoma, hypertension, obstructive sleep	N.d.	-	-	-
HD_4	74	Male	Apnea, loss of sensorineural hearing	None	-	-	-
HD_5	69	Male	Polyarthritis, hypertension	N.d.	-	-	-

ID: identification; py: pack years; TNM: tumor, nodes, metastasis; p: pathological; c: clinical; N.d.: no data; -: not applicable

Supplementary materials

The supplementary material for this article is available at: https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/file/1002143_sup_1.xlsx.

Declarations

Acknowledgments

Thanks are due to Ivonne Görlich, Katja Hasch, Gabriela Cudek and Monika Jerg for excellent technical assistance.

Author contributions

HAK and CB: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data Curation, Supervision, Project administration. HAK, MG, JMK and JE: Software. HAK, JMK, MG, LTH, AW, JE and CB: Validation, Investigation. JMK, MG, LTH, JE and AW: Formal analysis. HAK, TKH and CB: Resources. LTH and CB: Writing—original draft. HAK, JMK, MG, AW, JE, BW, SL and TKH: Writing—review and editing. JMK, JE and LTH: Visualization. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Ulm University [90/15] and complies with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

RNA-seq data are available from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE156554) under Record ID GSE156554.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

References

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209–49. [DOI] [PubMed]

Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, Lui VWY, Bauman JE, Grandis JR. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6:92. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Bhatia A, Burtness B. Treating head and neck cancer in the age of immunotherapy: a 2023 update. Drugs. 2023;83:217–48. [DOI] [PubMed]

Ranganath K, Feng AL, Franco RA, Varvares MA, Faquin WC, Naunheim MR, et al. Molecular biomarkers of malignant transformation in head and neck dysplasia. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14:5581. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Corcoran RB. Liquid biopsy versus tumor biopsy for clinical-trial recruitment. Nat Med. 2020;26:1815–6. [DOI] [PubMed]

Li G, Sun Y. Liquid biopsy: advances, limitations and clinical applications. JSM Biotechnol Bioeng. 2017;4:1078.

Di Meo A, Bartlett J, Cheng Y, Pasic MD, Yousef GM. Liquid biopsy: a step forward towards precision medicine in urologic malignancies. Mol Cancer. 2017;16:80. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Stroun M, Anker P, Maurice P, Lyautey J, Lederrey C, Beljanski M. Neoplastic characteristics of the DNA found in the plasma of cancer patients. Oncology. 1989;46:318–22. [DOI] [PubMed]

Skog J, Würdinger T, van Rijn S, Meijer DH, Gainche L, Curry WT Jr, et al. Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers. Nat Cell Biol. 2008;10:1470–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

10.

Racila E, Euhus D, Weiss AJ, Rao C, McConnell J, Terstappen LWMM, et al. Detection and characterization of carcinoma cells in the blood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:4589–94. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

11.

Cohen JD, Li L, Wang Y, Thoburn C, Danilova L, Douville C, et al. Detection and localization of surgically resectable cancers with a multi-analyte blood test. Science. 2018;359:926–30. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

12.

Allard WJ, Matera J, Miller MC, Repollet M, Connelly MC, Rao C, et al. Tumor cells circulate in the peripheral blood of all major carcinomas but not in healthy subjects or patients with nonmalignant diseases. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10:6897–904. [DOI] [PubMed]

13.

Hanjani NA, Esmaelizad N, Zanganeh S, Gharavi AT, Heidarizadeh P, Radfar M, et al. Emerging role of exosomes as biomarkers in cancer treatment and diagnosis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;169:103565. [DOI] [PubMed]

14.

Yang WY, Feng LF, Meng X, Chen R, Xu WH, Hou J, et al. Liquid biopsy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, and exosomes. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2020;20:1213–27. [DOI] [PubMed]

15.

Payne K, Spruce R, Beggs A, Sharma N, Kong A, Martin T, et al. Circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker and liquid biopsy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck. 2018;40:1598–604. [DOI] [PubMed]

16.

Liebs S, Eder T, Klauschen F, Schütte M, Yaspo ML, Keilholz U, et al. Applicability of liquid biopsies to represent the mutational profile of tumor tissue from different cancer entities. Oncogene. 2021;40:5204–12. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

17.

Lousada-Fernandez F, Rapado-Gonzalez O, Lopez-Cedrun JL, Lopez-Lopez R, Muinelo-Romay L, Suarez-Cunqueiro MM. Liquid biopsy in oral cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19:1704. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

18.

Han J, Lin Q, Dong C. Plasma cell-free circRNAs panel act as fingerprint predicts the occurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY). 2021;13:17328–36. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

19.

Gauthier A, Philouze P, Lauret A, Alphonse G, Malesys C, Ardail D, et al. Circulating tumor cell detection during neoadjuvant chemotherapy to predict early response in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancers: a prospective pilot study. J Pers Med. 2022;12:445. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

20.

Flach S, Howarth K, Hackinger S, Pipinikas C, Ellis P, McLay K, et al. Liquid BIOpsy for MiNimal RESidual DiSease Detection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LIONESS)—a personalised circulating tumour DNA analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2022;126:1186–95. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

21.

Hofmann L, Ludwig S, Vahl JM, Brunner C, Hoffmann TK, Theodoraki MN. The emerging role of exosomes in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in head and neck cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:4072. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

22.

Teng Y, Gao L, Loveless R, Rodrigo JP, Strojan P, Willems SM, et al. The hidden link of exosomes to head and neck cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13:5802. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

23.

Battinelli EM, Markens BA, Italiano JE Jr. Release of angiogenesis regulatory proteins from platelet alpha granules: modulation of physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Blood. 2011;118:1359–69. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

24.

Calverley DC, Phang TL, Choudhury QG, Gao B, Oton AB, Weyant MJ, et al. Significant downregulation of platelet gene expression in metastatic lung cancer. Clin Transl Sci. 2010;3:227–32. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

25.

Nilsson RJA, Balaj L, Hulleman E, van Rijn S, Pegtel DM, Walraven M, et al. Blood platelets contain tumor-derived RNA biomarkers. Blood. 2011;118:3680–3. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

26.

Best MG, Sol N, Kooi I, Tannous J, Westerman BA, Rustenburg F, et al. RNA-seq of tumor-educated platelets enables blood-based pan-cancer, multiclass, and molecular pathway cancer diagnostics. Cancer Cell. 2015;28:666–76. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

27.

Best MG, Sol N, In ‘t Veld SGJG, Vancura A, Muller M, Niemeijer ALN, et al. Swarm intelligence-enhanced detection of non-small-cell lung cancer using tumor-educated platelets. Cancer Cell. 2017;32:238–52. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

28.

Sheng M, Dong Z, Xie Y. Identification of tumor-educated platelet biomarkers of non-small-cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2018;11:8143–51. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

29.

Xing S, Zeng T, Xue N, He Y, Lai Yz, Li HL, et al. Development and validation of tumor-educated blood platelets integrin alpha 2b (ITGA2B) RNA for diagnosis and prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer through RNA-seq. Int J Biol Sci. 2019;15:1977–92. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

30.

Sol N, in ‘t Veld SGJG, Vancura A, Tjerkstra M, Leurs C, Rustenburg F, et al. Tumor-educated platelet RNA for the detection and (pseudo)progression monitoring of glioblastoma. Cell Rep Med. 2020;1:100101. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

31.

Heinhuis KM, In ’t Veld SGJG, Dwarshuis G, van den Broek D, Sol N, Best MG, et al. RNA-sequencing of tumor-educated platelets, a novel biomarker for blood based sarcoma diagnostics. Cancer (Basel). 2020;12:1372. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

32.

Yang L, Jiang Q, Li DZ, Zhou X, Yu DS, Zhong J. TIMP1 mRNA in tumor-educated platelets is diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY). 2019;11:8998–9012. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

33.

Zhu B, Gu S, Wu X, He W, Zhou H. Bioinformatics analysis of tumor-educated platelet microRNAs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep. 2021;41:BSR20211420. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

34.

Waqar W, Asghar S, Manzoor S. Platelets’ RNA as biomarker trove for differentiation of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma from underlying cirrhotic nodules. PLoS One. 2021;16:e0256739. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

35.

Best MG, Wurdinger T. Tumor-educated platelets for the earlier detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2020;44:794–5. [DOI] [PubMed]

36.

Asghar S, Waqar W, Umar M, Manzoor S. Tumor educated platelets, a promising source for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: liquid biopsy an alternative approach to tissue biopsy. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2020;44:836–44. [DOI] [PubMed]

37.

Lin CW, Liao SG, Liu P, Lee MLT, Park YS, Tseng GC. RNASeqDesign: a framework for ribonucleic acid sequencing genomewide power calculation and study design issues. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat. 2019;68:683–704. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

38.

Rosner B. Fundamentals of biostatistics. 8th ed. Boston: Cengage learning; 2015.

39.

Bentley DR, Balasubramanian S, Swerdlow HP, Smith GP, Milton J, Brown CG, et al. Accurate whole human genome sequencing using reversible terminator chemistry. Nature. 2008;456:53–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

40.

TruSeq^® stranded mRNA sample preparation guide [Internet]. San Diego: illunina^®; c2013 [cited 2022 Nov 15]. Available from: https://ostr.ccr.cancer.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/truseq-stranded-mrna-sample-prep-guide-15031047-e.pdf

41.

Langmead B, Salzberg SL. Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods. 2012;9:357–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

42.

Anders S, Pyl PT, Huber W. HTSeq—a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data. Bioinformatics. 2015;31:166–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

43.

Zhu A, Ibrahim JG, Love MI. Heavy-tailed prior distributions for sequence count data: removing the noise and preserving large differences. Bioinformatics. 2019;35:2084–92. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

44.

Love MI, Huber W, Anders S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 2014;15:550. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

45.

Schmid F, Schmid M, Müssel C, Sträng JE, Buske C, Bullinger L, et al. GiANT: gene set uncertainty in enrichment analysis. Bioinformatics. 2016;32:1891–4. [DOI] [PubMed]

46.

Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA, Botstein D, Butler H, Cherry JM, et al. Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. Nat Genet. 2000;25:25–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

47.

Lever J, Krzywinski M, Altman N. Points of significance: principal component analysis. Nat Methods. 2017;14:641–2. [DOI]

48.

Pfaffl MW. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001;29:e45. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

49.

Sen GL, Boxer LD, Webster DE, Bussat RT, Qu K, Zarnegar BJ, et al. ZNF750 is a p63 target gene that induces KLF4 to drive terminal epidermal differentiation. Dev Cell. 2012;22:669–77. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

50.

Kim S, Wong P, Coulombe PA. A keratin cytoskeletal protein regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth. Nature. 2006;441:362–5. [DOI] [PubMed]

51.

Matsui S, Utani A, Takahashi K, Mukoyama Y, Miyachi Y, Matsuyoshi N. Human Fat2 is localized at immature adherens junctions in epidermal keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci. 2007;48:233–6. [DOI] [PubMed]

52.

Matsui S, Utani A, Takahashi K, Mukoyama Y, Miyachi Y, Matsuyoshi N. Knockdown of Fat2 by siRNA inhibits the migration of human squamous carcinoma cells. J Dermatol Sci. 2008;51:207–10. [DOI] [PubMed]

53.

Park GT, Lim SE, Jang SI, Morasso MI. Suprabasin, a novel epidermal differentiation marker and potential cornified envelope precursor. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:45195–202. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

54.

Frisch SM, Farris JC, Pifer PM. Roles of Grainyhead-like transcription factors in cancer. Oncogene. 2017;36:6067–73. [DOI] [PubMed]

55.

Chen W, Liu ZX, Oh JE, Shin KH, Kim RH, Jiang M, et al. Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) inhibits keratinocyte differentiation through epigenetic mechanism. Cell Death Dis. 2012;3:e450. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

56.

Eckert RL, Sturniolo MT, Broome AM, Ruse M, Rorke EA. Transglutaminase function in epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;124:481–92. [DOI] [PubMed]

57.

Laimer K, Fong D, Gastl G, Obrist P, Kloss F, Tuli T, et al. EpCAM expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: frequency and relationship to clinicopathologic features. Oral Oncol. 2008;44:72–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

58.

Wanuske MT, Brantschen D, Schinner C, Stüdle C, Walter E, Hiermaier M, et al. Clustering of desmosomal cadherins by desmoplakin is essential for cell-cell adhesion. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2022;231:e13609. [DOI] [PubMed]

59.

De Vicente JC, Fernández-Valle Á, Vivanco-Allende B, Rodríguez Santamarta T, Lequerica-Fernández P, Hernández-Vallejo G, et al. The prognostic role of claudins -1 and -4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2015;35:2949–59. [PubMed]

60.

Harrison OJ, Brasch J, Lasso G, Katsamba PS, Ahlsen G, Honig B, et al. Structural basis of adhesive binding by desmocollins and desmogleins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113:7160–5. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

61.

Hatzfeld M, Wolf A, Keil R. Plakophilins in desmosomal adhesion and signaling. Cell Commun Adhes. 2014;21:25–42. [DOI] [PubMed]

62.

Barriere G, Fici P, Gallerani G, Fabbri F, Zoli W, Rigaud M. Circulating tumor cells and epithelial, mesenchymal and stemness markers: characterization of cell subpopulations. Ann Transl Med. 2014;2:109. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

63.

Marinkovich MP, Taylor TB, Keene DR, Burgeson RE, Zone JJ. LAD-1, the linear IgA bullous dermatosis autoantigen, is a novel 120-kDa anchoring filament protein synthesized by epidermal cells. J Invest Dermatol. 1996;106:734–8. [DOI] [PubMed]

64.

Cohen CJ, Shieh JTC, Pickles RJ, Okegawa T, Hsieh JT, Bergelson JM. The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor is a transmembrane component of the tight junction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98:15191–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

65.

Itoh M, Sasaki H, Furuse M, Ozaki H, Kita T, Tsukita S. Junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) binds to PAR-3: a possible mechanism for the recruitment of PAR-3 to tight junctions. J Cell Biol. 2001;154:491–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

66.

Ihrie RA, Marques MR, Nguyen BT, Horner JS, Papazoglu C, Bronson RT. Perp is a p63-regulated gene essential for epithelial integrity. Cell. 2005;120:843–56. [DOI] [PubMed]

67.

Moll R, Divo M, Langbein L. The human keratins: biology and pathology. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008;129:705–33. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

68.

Ruhrberg C, Hajibagheri MAN, Parry DAD, Watt FM. Periplakin, a novel component of cornified envelopes and desmosomes that belongs to the plakin family and forms complexes with envoplakin. J Cell Biol. 1997;139:1835–49. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

69.

Tseng H, Green H. Association of basonuclin with ability of keratinocytes to multiply and with absence of terminal differentiation. J Cell Biol. 1994;126:495–506. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

70.

Michibata H, Chiba H, Wakimoto K, Seishima M, Kawasaki S, Okubo K, et al. Identification and characterization of a novel component of the cornified envelope, cornifelin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;318:803–13. [DOI] [PubMed]

71.

Groot KR, Sevilla LM, Nishi K, DiColandrea T, Watt FM. Kazrin, a novel periplakin-interacting protein associated with desmosomes and the keratinocyte plasma membrane. J Cell Biol. 2004;166:653–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

72.

Steinert PM, Marekov LN. The proteins elafin, filaggrin, keratin intermediate filaments, loricrin, and small proline-rich proteins 1 and 2 are isodipeptide cross-linked components of the human epidermal cornified cell envelope. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:17702–11. [DOI] [PubMed]

73.

Welss T, Sun J, Irving JA, Blum R, Smith AI, Whisstock JC, et al. Hurpin is a selective inhibitor of lysosomal cathepsin L and protects keratinocytes from ultraviolet-induced apoptosis. Biochemistry. 2003;42:7381–9. [DOI] [PubMed]

74.

Edqvist PHD, Fagerberg L, Hallström BM, Danielsson A, Edlund K, Uhlén M, et al. Expression of human skin-specific genes defined by transcriptomics and antibody-based profiling. J Histochem Cytochem. 2015;63:129–41. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

75.

Utsunomiya A, Chino T, Utsunomiya N, Luong VH, Tokuriki A, Naganuma T, et al. Homeostatic function of dermokine in the skin barrier and inflammation. J Invest Dermatol. 2020;140:838–49.E9. [DOI] [PubMed]

76.

Ruhrberg C, Hajibagheri MA, Simon M, Dooley TP, Watt FM. Envoplakin, a novel precursor of the cornified envelope that has homology to desmoplakin. J Cell Biol. 1996;134:715–29. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

77.

Richardson RJ, Dixon J, Malhotra S, Hardman MJ, Knowles L, Boot-Handford RP, et al. Irf6 is a key determinant of the keratinocyte proliferation-differentiation switch. Nat Genet. 2006;38:1329–34. [DOI] [PubMed]

78.

Herz C, Aumailley M, Schulte C, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C. Kindlin-1 is a phosphoprotein involved in regulation of polarity, proliferation, and motility of epidermal keratinocytes. J Biol Chem. 2006;281:36082–90. [DOI] [PubMed]

79.

Mongre RK, Sodhi SS, Sharma N, Ghosh M, Kim JH, Kim N, et al. Epigenetic induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition by LCN2 mediates metastasis and tumorigenesis, which is abrogated by NF-κB inhibitor BRM270 in a xenograft model of lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2016;48:84–98. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

80.

Jennemann R, Rabionet M, Gorgas K, Epstein S, Dalpke A, Rothermel U, et al. Loss of ceramide synthase 3 causes lethal skin barrier disruption. Hum Mol Genet. 2012;21:586–608. [DOI] [PubMed]

81.

Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011;144:646–74. [DOI] [PubMed]

82.

Asem MS, Buechler S, Wates RB, Miller DL, Stack MS. Wnt5a signaling in cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2016;8:79. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

83.

Stamenkovic I. Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cancer Biol. 2000;10:415–33. [DOI] [PubMed]

84.

Tang X, Shen X, Li L, Zhang Y, Chen G. SOX2 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2013;40:481–6. [DOI] [PubMed]

85.

Jung H, Lee KP, Park SJ, Park JH, Jang Ys, Choi SY, et al. TMPRSS4 promotes invasion, migration and metastasis of human tumor cells by facilitating an epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Oncogene. 2008;27:2635–47. [DOI] [PubMed]

86.

Fan Y, Ding Z, Yang Z, Deng X, Kang J, Wu B, et al. Expression and clinical significance of FOXE1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mol Med Rep. 2013;8:123–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

87.

Liu JY, Wu XY, Wu GN, Liu FK, Yao XQ. FOXQ1 promotes cancer metastasis by PI3K/AKT signaling regulation in colorectal carcinoma. Am J Transl Res. 2017;9:2207–18. [PubMed] [PMC]

88.

Nagaharu K, Zhang X, Yoshida T, Katoh D, Hanamura N, Kozuka Y, et al. Tenascin C induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like change accompanied by SRC activation and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation in human breast cancer cells. Am J Pathol. 2011;178:754–63. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

89.

Abrahams A, Parker MI, Prince S. The T-box transcription factor Tbx2: its role in development and possible implication in cancer. IUBMB Life. 2010;62:92–102. [DOI] [PubMed]

90.

Chin D, Boyle GM, Williams RM, Ferguson K, Pandeya N, Pedley J, et al. Alpha B-crystallin, a new independent marker for poor prognosis in head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope. 2005;115:1239–42. [DOI] [PubMed]

91.

Chang WM, Lin YF, Su CY, Peng HY, Chang YC, Hsiao JR, et al. Parathyroid hormone-like hormone is a poor prognosis marker of head and neck cancer and promotes cell growth via RUNX2 regulation. Sci Rep. 2017;7:41131. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

92.

Qin Y, Takahashi M, Sheets K, Soto H, Tsui J, Pelargos P, et al. Epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) promotes angiogenesis in glioblastoma multiforme. J Neurooncol. 2017;134:29–40. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

93.

Kok SH, Chang HH, Tsai JY, Hung HC, Lin CY, Chiang CP, et al. Expression of Cyr61 (CCN1) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma: an independent marker for poor prognosis. Head Neck. 2010;32:1665–73. [DOI] [PubMed]

94.

Shevde LA, Samant RS. Role of osteopontin in the pathophysiology of cancer. Matrix Biol. 2014;37:131–41. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

95.

Arosarena OA, dela Cadena RA, Denny MF, Bryant E, Barr EW, Thorpe R, et al. Osteoactivin promotes migration of oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Cell Physiol. 2016;231:1761–70. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

96.

Ruiz C, Martins JR, Rudin F, Schneider S, Dietsche T, Fischer CA, et al. Enhanced expression of ANO1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma causes cell migration and correlates with poor prognosis. PLoS One. 2012;7:e43265. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

97.

Lee TF, Tseng YC, Chang WC, Chen YC, Kao YR, Chou TY, et al. YAP1 is essential for tumor growth and is a potential therapeutic target for EGFR-dependent lung adenocarcinomas. Oncotarget. 2017;8:89539–51. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

98.

Peinado H, Marin F, Cubillo E, Stark HJ, Fusenig N, Nieto MA, et al. Snail and E47 repressors of E-cadherin induce distinct invasive and angiogenic properties in vivo. J Cell Sci. 2004;117:2827–39. [DOI] [PubMed]

99.

Kengkarn S, Petmitr S, Boonyuen U, Reamtong O, Poomsawat S, Sanguansin S. Identification of novel candidate biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma based on whole gene expression profiling. Pathol Oncol Res. 2020;26:2315–25. [DOI] [PubMed]

100.

Hazawa M, Lin DC, Handral H, Xu L, Chen Y, Jiang YY, et al. ZNF750 is a lineage-specific tumour suppressor in squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene. 2017;36:2243–54. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

101.

Nambara S, Masuda T, Tobo T, Kidogami S, Komatsu H, Sugimachi K, et al. Clinical significance of ZNF750 gene expression, a novel tumor suppressor gene, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett. 2017;14:1795–801. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

102.

Otsuka R, Akutsu Y, Sakata H, Hanari N, Murakami K, Kano M, et al. ZNF750 expression as a novel candidate biomarker of chemoradiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol. 2017;93:197–203. [DOI] [PubMed]

103.

Guttman M, Amit I, Garber M, French C, Lin MF, Feldser D, et al. Chromatin signature reveals over a thousand highly conserved large non-coding RNAs in mammals. Nature. 2009;458:223–7. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

104.

Luo CL, Xu ZG, Chen H, Ji J, Wang YH, Hu W, et al. LncRNAs and EGFRvIII sequestered in TEPs enable blood-based NSCLC diagnosis. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:1449–59. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

105.

Seo D, Kim D, Kim W. Long non-coding RNA linc00152 acting as a promising oncogene in cancer progression. Genomics Inform. 2019;17:e36. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

106.

Zou X, Hu X, He F, Zhang M, Kong X, Rui S, et al. LncRNA LINC00152 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma growth via enhancing upstream transcription factor 1 mediated mitochondrial ribosomal protein L52 transcription. J Oral Path Med. 2021;51:454–63. [DOI] [PubMed]

107.

Rikkert LG, van der Pol E, van Leeuwen TG, Nieuwland R, Coumans FAW. Centrifugation affects the purity of liquid biopsy-based tumor biomarkers. Cytometry A. 2018;93:1207–12. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

108.

Placke T, Örgel M, Schaller M, Jung G, Rammensee HG, Kopp HG, et al. Platelet-derived MHC class I confers a pseudonormal phenotype to cancer cells that subverts the antitumor reactivity of natural killer immune cells. Cancer Res. 2012;72:440–8. [DOI] [PubMed]

109.

He B, Lin X, Tian F, Yu W, Qiao B. MiR-133a-3p inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) proliferation and invasion by suppressing COL1A1. J Cell Biochem. 2018;119:338–46. [DOI] [PubMed]

110.

Wiechec E, Magan M, Matic N, Ansell-Schultz A, Kankainen M, Monni O, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts modulate transcriptional signatures involved in proliferation, differentiation and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13:3361. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

111.

Li J, Ding Y, Li A. Identification of COL1A1 and COL1A2 as candidate prognostic factors in gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol. 2016;14:297. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

112.

Sun H. Identification of key genes associated with gastric cancer based on DNA microarray data. Oncol Lett. 2016;11:525–30. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

113.

Li X, Liu L, Song X, Wang K, Niu L, Xie L, et al. TEP linc-GTF2H2-1, RP3-466P17.2, and lnc-ST8SIA4-12 as novel biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and progression prediction. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2021;147:1609–22. [DOI] [PubMed]

114.

Ma HP, Chang HL, Bamodu OA, Yadav VK, Huang TY, Wu ATH, et al. Collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) is a reliable biomarker and putative therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinogenesis and metastasis. Cancers (Basel). 2019;11:786. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

115.

Wu ZH, Li C, Zhang YJ, Zhou W. Identification of a cancer stem cells signature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Genet. 2022;13:81477. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

116.

Lood C, Amisten S, Gullstrand B, Jönsen A, Allhorn M, Truedsson L, et al. Platelet transcriptional profile and protein expression in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: up-regulation of the type I interferon system is strongly associated with vascular disease. Blood. 2010;116:1951–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

117.

Cengiz C, Erhan Y, Murat T, Ercan A, Ibrahim S, Ihsan G, et al. Values of mean platelet volume in patients with chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy. Pakistan J Med Sci. 2013;29:569–72. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

118.

Thompson RW, Gungor A. Immune thrombocytopenia of childhood responsive to tonsillectomy in the setting of chronic tonsillitis: a case report and literature review. Am J Otolaryngol. 2017;38:639–41. [DOI] [PubMed]

119.

Yan M, Lesyk G, Radziwon-Balicka A, Jurasz P. Pharmacological regulation of platelet factors that influence tumor angiogenesis. Semin Oncol. 2014;41:370–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

120.

Zimek A, Filzmoser P. There and back again: outlier detection between statistical reasoning and data mining algorithms. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Data Min Knowl Discov. 2018;8:e1280. [DOI]

121.

Simon LM, Edelstein LC, Nagalla S, Woodley AB, Chen ES, Kong X, et al. Human platelet microRNA-mRNA networks associated with age and gender revealed by integrated plateletomics. Blood. 2014;123:e37–45. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

122.

Clancy L, Beaulieu LM, Tanriverdi K, Freedman JE. The role of RNA uptake in platelet heterogeneity. Thromb Haemost. 2017;117:948–61. [DOI] [PubMed]

123.

Supernat A, Popęda M, Pastuszak K, Best MG, Grešner P, Veld SI’, et al. Transcriptomic landscape of blood platelets in healthy donors. Sci Rep. 2021;11:15679. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

124.

Kujan O, Glenny A, Duxbury A, Thakker N, Sloan P, Duxbury J. Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;2003:CD004150. [DOI] [PubMed]

125.

Nilsson RJA, Karachaliou N, Berenguer J, Gimenez-Capitan A, Schellen P, Teixido C, et al. Rearranged EML4-ALK fusion transcripts sequester in circulating blood platelets and enable blood-based crizotinib response monitoring in non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7:1066–75. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]