
Schematic representation exhibiting p53 and RB pathways at the tumor site. SMAD3/4: small mothers against decapentaplegic 3/4; ATM: ataxia telangiectasia mutated; ATR: ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related; Chk2: checkpoint kinase 2; CDK2: cyclin dependent kinase 2; HDAC: histone deacetylase; E2F: E2 factor; CDC25: cell division cycle 25; GSK 3β: glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; G1 phase: growth 1 phase; S phase: synthesis phase; TGF-β: tumor growth factor-β
The authors acknowledge Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, for providing the entire infrastructure to complete this project.
M Singh and DJ contributed in conceptualization, design of the work, resourcing, interpretation of data. M Singh, DJ, VA, DP, M Sharma, and PP contributed to writing—original draft, and writing—review & editing; M Singh, SM, and R contributed in supervision; M Singh, DJ, SM and R contributed in data curation, and validation.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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© The Author(s) 2022.