*: Mixed Reality platform (version 1) was used between July 2021 and November 2024, while the upgraded #: Mixed Reality platform (version 2) was used between December 2024 and November 2025.
We thank the biomedical implant engineers of the C-Fit 3D Team, Implantcast GmbH, Buxtehude, Germany, for designing and manufacturing the 3D-printed, Patient-Specific Guides and Implants for five patients in this study; Mr. Hon-Wai Leung, IT engineer, HOIT&HI/NTECITD, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China, for establishing and maintaining the hospital IT infrastructure to deploy MR technology for patient service.
The author (LKYS) is an employee of Syngular Technology Limited and provided technical knowledge and support for the manuscript preparation. The other authors (KCW, COYW, AHYL) declare no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong-New Territories East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee (the Joint CUHK-NTEC CREC) (CRER No: NTEC-2026-260) of the author (KCW)’s hospital.
Consent to participate
Informed consent was obtained from all study participants.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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