Demographic characteristics of participants (N = 400).
| Characteristic | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 230 | 57.5 |
| Female | 170 | 42.5 |
| Profession | ||
| Doctor | 158 | 39.5 |
| Nurse | 126 | 31.5 |
| Allied health professional | 116 | 29.0 |
| Healthcare facility level | ||
| Primary | 190 | 47.5 |
| Secondary | 92 | 23.0 |
| Tertiary | 118 | 29.5 |
The authors sincerely acknowledge the participating healthcare facilities in Swabi and Mardan for their valuable support in facilitating data collection. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest associated with these institutions.
FI: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. SI: Data curation, Validation, Investigation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. UF: Resources, Data curation, Software, Validation, Investigation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. SN: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. MH: Resources, Data curation, Software, Formal analysis, Supervision, Validation, Investigation, Visualization, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. KS: Resources, Data curation, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. FN: Conceptualization, Resources, Software, Investigation, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and in compliance with the 2024 Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) Ref No: REC-UOL-/584/08/24 from University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and data confidentiality and anonymity were maintained throughout the study.
Not applicable.
Survey data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Not applicable.
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