TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication
AU  - Adusei, Dennis
AU  - Asimeng, Bernard O.
AU  - Krampa, Francis D.
AU  - Tiburu, Elvis K.
Y1  - 2023///
JO  - Exploration of Drug Science
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
SP  - 299
EP  - 311
DO  - 10.37349/eds.2023.00021
UR  - https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/eds/Article/100821
AB  - Aim: The biorecognition unit of an electrochemical biosensor requires molecules that are immobilised to serve as a bridge between the recognition unit and the transducing surface. Biorecognition molecules are immobilising materials that help increase the electrochemical reactivity of the transducer for fast energy transfer. Thus, we investigated the electrochemical properties (EPs) of hydroxyapatite (HAp) material for the direct immobilisation of cells. Methods: Snail shell HAp (SHAp) material was synthesised from Achatina achatina snail shells and phosphate-containing solutions. The SHAp material was characterised using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy to determine its structural configuration, after which it was blended with a conductive polymer [3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene: poly-4-styrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS)] to improve the electrochemical responses. The SHAp/PEDOT:PSS blend was used to modify a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by a dropped coating technique, followed by seeding of pheochromocytoma (PC-12) and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells on the modified SPCE to record the EP using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Red blood cells (RBCs) were used as a control. Results: The CV analysis showed lower peak currents for HEK-293T (50 µA) and PC-12 (120 µA) compared to the RBC (230 µA). Also, the EIS showed impedance values of 0.70 for HEK-293T, 0.62 for PC-12, and 0.52 m for RBC. The findings indicate that SHAp/PEDOT:PSS enables the differentiation of cell proliferation signals through potentiometric and impedimetric measurements. Conclusions: The unique current and impedance differences among the cells could serve as potential markers for rapid cell detection.
ER  -