@article{10.37349/en.2026.1006126,
abstract = {Hydrocephalus is a complex neurological disease characterized by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation, ventricular enlargement, and progressive neurologic dysfunction. Existing therapies are predominantly surgical, with high complication rates, with high complication rates, prompting ongoing efforts to develop alternative modalities. This review integrates developments across mechanistic platforms and integrated disease models—including genetic and induced animals, patient-derived organoids, and organ-on-a-chip systems—to evaluate their ability to recapitulate CSF kinetics and subventricular zone (SVZ) biology. New therapies, including surgical enhancements, drugs, stem cell-based repair, and gene-targeted therapies, are discussed for translation potential. Ethics and regulatory frameworks, 3Rs, and validation and scalability issues are discussed critically. Finally, computational modeling and AI are introduced as ways to integrate multi-scale data and enable precision medicine. Each of these perspectives outlines a roadmap in which bioengineering, precision medicine, and ethical rigor converge to accelerate discovery and improve outcomes for patients with hydrocephalus.},
author = {Angelopoulos, Ioannis},
doi = {10.37349/en.2026.1006126},
journal = {Exploration of Neuroscience},
elocation-id = {1006126},
title = {Innovations in hydrocephalus modeling: bridging animal models, bioengineering platforms, and precision therapies},
url = {https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/en/Article/1006126},
volume = {5},
year = {2026}
}