TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hepatitis B virus: modes of transmission, immune pathogenesis, and research progress on therapeutic vaccines
AU  - Li, Chunzheng
AU  - Wei, Chenyu
AU  - Yang, Xianguang
Y1  - 2024///
JO  - Exploration of Digestive Diseases
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
SP  - 443
EP  - 458
DO  - 10.37349/edd.2024.00060
UR  - https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/edd/Article/100560
AB  - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 262 million people worldwide, leading to over 820,000 deaths annually. The reason HBV has been a persistent issue for decades is that it is a non-cytopathic, liver-specific virus with the ability for persistent infection, which cannot be completely eliminated by drugs, eventually progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although HBV seems to induce little innate immune activation, adaptive immune responses can mediate viral clearance and liver disease. Here, we review the epidemiology, natural history, lifecycle, and modes of transmission of HBV. We also pay particular attention to the adaptive and innate immune responses to HBV and the research progress on therapeutic vaccines, which may provide new insights for targeted HBV treatment.
ER  -