@article{10.37349/ei.2022.00037,
abstract = {In recent years, immunologists have been working to utilize the functional mechanism of the immune system to research new tumor treatment methods and achieved a major breakthrough in 2013, which was listed as one of the top 10 scientific breakthroughs of 2013 by Science magazine (see “Cancer immunotherapy”. Science. 2013;342:1417. doi: 10.1126/science.1249481). Currently, two main methods are used in clinical tumor immunotherapy: immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Clinical responses to checkpoint inhibitors rely on blockade of the target neoantigens expressed on the surfaces of tumor cells, which can inhibit T cell activity and prevent the T cell immune response; therefore, the therapeutic effect is limited by the tumor antigen expression level. While CAR-T cell therapy can partly enhance neoantigen recognition of T cells, problems remain in the current treatment for solid tumors, such as restricted transport of adoptively transferred cells to the tumor site and off-targets. Immunologists have therefore turned their attention to $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells, which are not restricted by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) for neoantigen recognition and are able to initiate a rapid immune response at an early stage. However, due to the lack of an understanding of the antigens that $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells recognize, the role of $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells in tumorigenesis and tumor development is not clearly understood. In the past few years, extensive data identifying antigen ligands recognized by $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells have been obtained, mainly focusing on bisphosphonates and small-molecule polypeptides, but few studies have focused on protein ligands recognized by $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells. In this paper, we reviewed and analyzed the tumor-associated protein ligands of $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells that have been discovered thus far, hoping to provide new ideas for the comprehensive application of $\gamma$$\delta$ T cells in tumor immunotherapy.},
author = {Liu, Chang and Xu, Yi and Chen, Hui and Zhang, Jianmin and He, Wei},
doi = {10.37349/ei.2022.00037},
journal = {Exploration of Immunology},
pages = {64--78},
title = {{Tumor-associated protein ligands recognized by human $\gamma$$\delta$ T cell receptor and their implications in cancer therapy}},
url = {https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/ei/Article/100337},
volume = {2},
year = {2022}
number = {1},
}